Choosing the right water heater can feel overwhelming, with so many options to choose from. Not all water heaters are built the same, and the ideal choice will depend on your household’s unique needs.
When evaluating water heaters, factors like the number of users, hot water usage levels, fuel availability in your area, upfront system costs, and potential long-term savings on energy bills must be considered.
Types of Water Heaters
There are three main types of water heaters:
Storage Water Heaters
Conventional storage water heaters are historically the most popular choice in the U.S. and feature a tank (usually 20–80 gallons) that stores heated water until needed. When you turn on the hot water tap, it releases hot water from the top while cold water enters from the bottom, thereby maintaining a constant supply of ready-to-use hot water. Storage tanks can operate on natural gas, propane, oil, or electricity.
Tankless Water Heaters
Also known as on-demand water heaters, tankless models heat water only as needed. When a hot water tap is opened, cold water flows through a heat exchanger and is warmed by either an electric element or a gas burner. This setup eliminates standby energy losses and provides a constant flow of hot water. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, tankless water heaters can be 24–34% more energy-efficient than storage models for homes that use less than 41 gallons per day. Although tankless heaters have a higher upfront cost, they tend to last longer and offer energy savings over time.
Heat Pump Water Heaters
Heat pump water heaters use a unique process to heat water by transferring heat from the surrounding air into the water tank. They operate similarly to refrigerators, except in reverse. These systems are energy-efficient and can drastically reduce electricity bills. However, they work best in warmer climates and require more space than other models.
Choosing by Fuel Type
Different water heater models run on various fuel sources, so it’s important to choose one that’s compatible with your home’s infrastructure and hot water needs.
- Electricity: Tankless electric heaters are highly popular for their compact design and efficiency. However, an electrical upgrade may be needed to support them.
- Oil: Oil-fueled storage water heaters are less common but available in some areas.
- Geothermal Energy: For homes with geothermal heating, geothermal water heaters use this energy source efficiently.
- Natural Gas and Propane: These fuels are commonly used for both storage and tankless water heaters, as well as tankless coil and indirect water heaters.
Household Size Recommendations
Single-Person Homes
For one-person households, a tankless water heater is typically the most cost-effective choice. By eliminating standby energy losses, it helps pay for the initial investment over time.
Couples
Tankless water heaters are also compatible with two-person households, as they can be scaled to suit different demand levels. However, larger households may require additional tanks for simultaneous hot water use, as tankless systems can be stretched thin during peak usage.
Family Homes
Conventional storage water heaters are better suited for larger families with higher simultaneous hot water demands, which is why they’re still the most common type of water heater in the U.S. Dual tankless heaters are also an option for families looking for energy savings without sacrificing convenience.
Get Expert Help
For further assistance in selecting the right water heater, contact Norwalk — La Mirada Plumbing Heating & Air Conditioning at (562) 219-4085. Our experts are here to help you find the ideal solution for your home!